spring spring One of the most useful and used parts in industrial and non-industrial works, such as screws and nuts, which are used in various home appliances, even children's toys, is a spring. A spring can be called a spring in a comprehensive definition to any object that has elasticity or elasticity or in simpler words has an elastic property. That is, in simpler terms, if an object in any of the liquid, solid, and gas states changes its shape after being loaded and then returns to its original state, it can be called a spring. Simple and non-simple springs have been widely used in human history. One of these examples can be called the bow (bow and arrow), which is one of the natural springs and has been used by mankind since the beginning of history. A spring is a body with the ability to return to its original state, i.e. elastic state, which is used to store mechanical energy and is used. To put it more easily, if an object in any of the states of solid, liquid or gas after changing its shape and returning to its original state after the change of shape, it can be called a spring. During the times when a spring is compressed or stretched compared to its normal state and in its rest state, after that the spring itself applies a force opposite to the force applied to itself, which is the same as the change in the length of the spring. Most of the available springs are made of spring steel. What is a spring and what is the quantity of a spring? In general, it can be said that the spring has three physical quantities, including the force or load that is applied to it, the amount and size that changes shape, and the hardness of the spring, which has the property of stretching. One of the most important laws that must be known in the spring case is Hooke's law, this law is a law that is used in physics, mechanics and the knowledge of elastic materials and it indicates that the size changes along the length of a material with load and energy. Entered on it has a linear relationship. When an object is subjected to external forces, it usually shows two types of deformation before breaking. 1- Elastic deformation means the same as elastic changes In this state and these conditions, if the force and energy entered into the object is removed from it, the object will return to its original state. 2- Changing the shape of plastic (Momsan) In this situation and these conditions, if the force and energy entered into the object is removed from that object, the object will not return to its original dimensions. If we want to say, springs are objects that return to their original shape and dimensions due to the application of force and after removing it. For this reason, the high pressure and the forces and deformations that are applied to the springs used in the industry must and it is necessary to increase the elastic limit of the part very much, which means that the steel used in the spring can change under high pressures. perform the elastic shape, and on the other hand, the springs are subject to variable forces, and therefore the steel required for these parts must have high tensile strength. Therefore, in the manufacture of springs, steels should be used that have very appropriate amounts of silicon, manganese, chromium, vanadium and molybdenum and are composed of these materials. Springs are made of different types of materials, and the production of different types depends on the customer's order and the place where it is to be used. For example, steel springs are used and can be used in places where the spring works in water, and for another example, galvanized springs are installed and used in places that work in water and are resistant to rust. They are scratched and are basically suitable for soldering, or the springs that work in magnetic places or with acid should be made of 316 steel. In the following, a complete and extensive explanation of the types of spring materials made will be given for you dear ones One of their types are spring steels that are very resistant to heat and that is because these new springs contain parts such as cream, vanadium and tungsten. Spring steels are also called stainless steels due to the presence of their ingredients that contain cream, nickel and molybdenum against corrosion and rust. In addition to having high tensile strength and elasticity, spring steels must have very high elasticity and be resistant to erosion and many vibrations. The presence of silicon in spring steel causes elasticity and the presence of cream increases strength and resistance to corrosion and scratches. All these characteristics do not depend only on the percentage of elements in steel, but with their existence, its properties can be changed and desired characteristics can be obtained by means of heat treatment and cold forming. Carbon steels with 5.0 to 1% carbon, 3.0 to 4.0% manganese, and maximum 04.0% sulfur and phosphorus are widely used in making all kinds of springs. For the manufacture of flat or spiral springs that are no longer subjected to heat treatment after manufacturing, the same hard drawn steels as spring or rolled steels are used and are used in their manufacture. The springs with cream and vanadium steels are used to make big springs for locomotives and they are very useful.